Exterior lights
The common exterior lamps are: headlamp, fog lamp, license plate lamp, reversing lamp, brake lamp, turn signal lamp, position lamp, position lamp, parking lamp, warning lamp and daily running lamp. The light colors of external lamps are generally white, orange and red; for vehicles performing special tasks, such as fire engines, police vehicles, ambulances and emergency repair vehicles, red, yellow or blue flashing warning lights with priority are used. Motor vehicles should participate in safety testing and comprehensive testing on time to ensure that the external lamps are complete and effective.
(1) The headlamp, commonly known as "headlamp", is installed on both sides of the car head to illuminate the road in front of the car. There are two lamp systems and four lamp systems. When the four lamp headlamp is installed side by side, the one installed on the outside corresponds to the low beam and high beam double beam headlamp; the one installed on the inside corresponds to the high beam single beam headlamp. Generally, the high beam lamp is 40-60W, and the low beam lamp is 35-55w.
(2) The fog lamp is installed at the head or tail of the car. In case of fog, snow, rainstorm or dust, it is used to improve the lighting of the road in front of the vehicle. The power of LED front fog lamp is 3-5w and the light color is orange. The power of the rear fog lamp is 3-5w and the light color is red to warn the following vehicles to keep a safe distance.
(3) The LED license plate lamp is installed above or on both sides of the rear license plate to illuminate the rear license plate. The power is generally 1-2W to ensure that the words and numbers on the license plate can be seen clearly at 20m behind the pedestrian.
(4) The LED reversing lamp is installed at the rear of the car. When the transmission is in reverse, it will light up automatically to illuminate the rear of the car and warn the pedestrians to pay attention to safety. The power is generally 2-5W and the light color is white.
(5) Brake light is commonly known as "led brake light". It is installed at the rear of the car. When the brake pedal is pressed, a strong red light is emitted to indicate braking. The power is 2-5W, the light color is red, and the display area of the lamp shade is smaller than that of the rear position indicator. In order to avoid the risk of car collision caused by following a large car, the rear window of the car can be equipped with a high mounted stop lamp (LED strip) displayed in rows by LED.
(6) Led turn signal main turn signal is generally installed on the left and right sides of the car's head and tail to indicate the driving trend of the vehicle. A side turn signal is installed in the middle of the car side. The power of the main turn signal lamp is generally 1-3W, the power of the side turn signal lamp is 2W, and the light color is stray color. When turning, the light flickers, the frequency is 1.5Hz, and the starting time is not more than 1.5s. When other vehicles need to pay attention to give way in an emergency, all the turn signals can be turned on through the hazard warning lamp switch and flash at the same time.
(7) Led position indicator, also known as "width indicator" and "position indicator", is installed in the front, back and side of the car. When driving at night, the position indicator, instrument light and license plate light are on at the same time to mark the shape and position of the car. The power is generally 0.5w-2w. The light color of the front position lamp is white or yellow, that of the rear position lamp is red, and that of the side position lamp is amber.
(8) Led clearance lamp is commonly known as "corner marker lamp". Vehicles with no-load vehicle height of more than 3m shall be equipped with clearance lamp to mark the vehicle outline. The power of clearance lamp is generally 3W.
(9) The parking lights are installed on both sides of the front and rear of the vehicle. It is required that the light signal can be confirmed from 150m away from the front and rear of the vehicle. The light color in front of the vehicle is white, and the light color in the rear is red. When parking at night, turn on the parking lights to mark the shape and position of the vehicle.
(10) The warning light is usually installed on the top of the car to indicate the special type of the car. The power is generally 5-10W. Fire engines and police cars are red, ambulances are blue, and the rotation speed is 2-6 times per second; buses and taxis are white and yellow. The indicator light of empty taxi is installed on the instrument panel with power of 3-6w and light color of red background and white characters.
(11) LED daytime running lamp is installed in the front of the car body, which makes the vehicle easier to be recognized in the daytime. Its effect is not to make the driver see the road, but to let others know that a car is coming. Therefore, this kind of lamp is not a lamp, but a signal lamp. Of course, the installation of daytime driving lights can make the car look cooler and more dazzling, but the biggest effect of daytime driving lights is not to be beautiful, but to provide the identifiability of the vehicle. Before 2011, the European mandatory implementation of motor vehicle day lights, LED will be more widely used in cars.
Interior lights
Common interior lamps include ceiling lamp, reading lamp, luggage compartment lamp, door lamp, step lamp, instrument lamp, work lamp, instrument panel alarm indicator lamp, etc.
(1) In general, there is only one ceiling lamp for cars and trucks, which can be used not only for interior lighting, but also for monitoring whether the door is closed reliably. Under the condition of monitoring the door, as long as the door is not reliably closed, the ceiling light will be on. The power is generally 0.5-2w, and the ceiling lamp of bus tends to develop to fluorescent lamp.
(2) The reading lamp is installed at the front or top of the passenger seat. When focusing, the driver will not be dazzled when reading. The lighting range is small, and some of them have optical axis direction adjustment mechanism.
(3) The luggage compartment lamp is installed in the luggage compartment of a car or bus. When the luggage compartment cover is opened, the lamp will light up automatically to illuminate the interior space of the luggage compartment. The power is 1.5W.
(4) The door light is installed at the bottom of the inner side of the car's exterior door. When the door is opened, the door light will be on to warn pedestrians and vehicles to avoid. The power is 5W and the light color is red.
(5) The step lamp is installed on the step inside the passenger door of large and medium buses. When opening the passenger door at night, illuminate the pedal.
(6) The instrument light is installed on the reverse side of the instrument panel, which is used to illuminate the pointer and the scale plate of the instrument. The power is 0.5W. The instrument lamp is generally connected in parallel with the position indicator lamp and license plate lamp. The luminous intensity of some automobile instrument lamps can be adjusted.
(7) The common alarm and indicator lights are oil pressure alarm light, high water temperature alarm light, charging indicator light, steering indicator light, high beam indicator light, etc. the alarm light is generally red and yellow, and the indicator light is generally green or blue.
(8) The work lamp is a kind of low-voltage lighting tool that can be used in vehicle maintenance. The power supply comes from the vehicle generator or battery. The power is 21W, usually with hook or clamp. There are two kinds of plug: cigarette lighter and two post plug.